One Big Beautiful Bill Act: Tax deductions for working Americans and seniors
Below are descriptions of new provisions from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, signed into law on July 4, 2025, as Public Law 119-21, that go into effect for 2025.
“No Tax on Tips”
- New deduction: Effective for 2025 through 2028, employees and self-employed individuals may deduct qualified tips received in occupations that are listed by the IRS as customarily and regularly receiving tips on or before December 31, 2024, and that are reported on a Form W-2, Form 1099, or other specified statement furnished to the individual or reported directly by the individual on Form 4137.
- “Qualified tips” are voluntary cash or charged tips received from customers or through tip sharing.
- Maximum annual deduction is $25,000; for self-employed, deduction may not exceed individual’s net income (without regard to this deduction) from the trade or business in which the tips were earned.
- Deduction phases out for taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income over $150,000 ($300,000 for joint filers).
- Self-employed individuals in a Specified Service Trade or Business (SSTB) under section 199A are not eligible. Employees whose employer is in an SSTB also are not eligible.
- Taxpayers must:
- include their Social Security Number on the return and
- file jointly if married, to claim the deduction.
- The IRS will provide transition relief for tax year 2025 for taxpayers claiming the deduction and for employers and payors subject to the new reporting requirements.
“No Tax on Overtime”
- New deduction: Effective for 2025 through 2028, individuals who receive qualified overtime compensation may deduct the pay that exceeds their regular rate of pay – such as the “half” portion of “time-and-a-half” compensation — that is required by the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and that is reported on a Form W-2, Form 1099, or other specified statement furnished to the individual.
- Maximum annual deduction is $12,500 ($25,000 for joint filers).
- Deduction phases out for taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income over $150,000 ($300,000 for joint filers).
- Taxpayers must:
- include their Social Security Number on the return and
- file jointly if married, to claim the deduction.
“No Tax on Car Loan Interest”
- New deduction: Effective for 2025 through 2028, individuals may deduct interest paid on a loan used to purchase a qualified vehicle, provided the vehicle is purchased for personal use and meets other eligibility criteria. (Lease payments do not qualify.)
- Maximum annual deduction is $10,000.
- Deduction phases out for taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income over $100,000 ($200,000 for joint filers).
- originated after December 31, 2024,
- used to purchase a vehicle, the original use of which starts with the taxpayer (used vehicles do not qualify),
- for a personal use vehicle (not for business or commercial use) and
- secured by a lien on the vehicle.
If a qualifying vehicle loan is later refinanced, interest paid on the refinanced amount is generally eligible for the deduction.
- Qualified vehicle: A qualified vehicle is a car, minivan, van, SUV, pick-up truck or motorcycle, with a gross vehicle weight rating of less than 14,000 pounds, and that has undergone final assembly in the United States.
- Final assembly in the United States: The location of final assembly will be listed on the vehicle information label attached to each vehicle on a dealer’s premises. Alternatively, taxpayers may rely on the vehicle’s plant of manufacture as reported in the vehicle identification number (VIN) to determine whether a vehicle has undergone final assembly in the United States.
- The VIN Decoder website for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) provides plant of manufacture information. Taxpayers can follow the instructions on that website to determine if the vehicle’s plant of manufacture was located in the United States.
- The taxpayer must include the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) of the qualified vehicle on the tax return for any year in which the deduction is claimed.
Deduction for Seniors
- New deduction: Effective for 2025 through 2028, individuals who are age 65 and older may claim an additional deduction of $6,000. This new deduction is in addition to the current additional standard deduction for seniors under existing law.
- The $6,000 senior deduction is per eligible individual (i.e., $12,000 total for a married couple where both spouses qualify).
- Deduction phases out for taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income over $75,000 ($150,000 for joint filers).
- Taxpayers must:
- include the Social Security Number of the qualifying individual(s) on the return, and
- file jointly if married, to claim the deduction.
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